The Moon will be prominent in the dawn sky, rising at around midnight.
From Fairfield, it will be visible in the dawn sky, rising at 23:32 (EST) and reaching an altitude of 65° above the southern horizon before fading from view as dawn breaks around 06:15.
Observing the Moon at last quarter
The Moon orbits the Earth once every four weeks, causing its phases to cycle through new moon, first quarter, full moon, last quarter, and back to new moon once every 29.5 days.
As it progresses through this cycle, it is visible at different times of day. At last quarter, it rises at around midnight, appears high in the sky by dawn, and sets at around midday. Click here for more information about the Moon's phases.
The period when the Moon shows half phase is ideal for observing the Moon with a pair of binoculars or a small telescope. The border between the light and dark portions of the Moon's disk is the best place to look for detail on its surface, because along this line, the Moon's surface is illuminated at a very shallow angle. As a result, mountains and crater rims cast long shadows which are very easy to see. An observer on the Moon would see the Sun on the horizon, casting long shadows just like the ones we see on Earth at sunrise and sunset.
At first quarter and last quarter, when the terminator line is down the middle of the Moon, it is best presented for view, without any foreshortening.
Seasonal variations
Although the Moon passes last quarter every month, it is more favourably placed in the pre-dawn sky at some times of year than others.
It appears high up in the pre-dawn sky around the autumn equinox, but much lower towards the horizon around the spring equinox.
This is because it always lies close to a line across the sky called the ecliptic. This marks the flat plane in space in which all of the planets circle the Sun. It is the line through the zodiacal constellations that the Sun follows through the year.
The altitude at which the Moon appears above the horizon at sunrise depends how steeply the line of the ecliptic is inclined to the horizon. If the plane of the ecliptic meet the horizon at a very shallow angle, the Moon will rise or set along a line which is almost parallel to the horizon, and a large separation from the Sun along this line would still only correspond to a very low altitude in the sky.
The inclination of the ecliptic plane to the horizon at Fairfield varies between 72° (sunrise at the autumn equinox) and 25° (sunrise at the spring equinox). On September 12, the ecliptic is inclined at 71° to the eastern dawn horizon, as shown by the yellow line in the planetarium view above, meaning that on this occasion the Moon is very favourably placed for viewing from Fairfield.
The Moon's position
At the moment it reaches last quarter, the Moon's distance from the Earth will be 374,000 km. Its exact position will be as follows:
| Object | Right Ascension | Declination | Constellation | Angular Size |
| The Moon | 05h18m30s | +18°05' | Taurus | 31'50" |
The coordinates above are given in J2000.0.
| The sky on 22 January 2021 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
67% 9 days old |
All times shown in EST.
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Source
The circumstances of this event were computed using the DE430 planetary ephemeris published by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL).
This event was automatically generated by searching the ephemeris for planetary alignments which are of interest to amateur astronomers, and the text above was generated based on an estimate of your location.
Related news
| 12 Sep 1998 | – Moon at Last Quarter |
| 20 Sep 1998 | – New Moon |
| 23 Sep 1998 | – The Moon at perihelion |
| 23 Sep 1998 | – The Moon at apogee |
Image credit
Simulated image courtesy of Tom Ruen.