The Constellation Monoceros
by Dominic Ford
The constellation Monoceros.
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Source: Stellarium.
Source: Stellarium.
Monoceros is an equatorial constellation, visible in the evening sky in the months around December, immediately to the east of Orion. It is a large but faint area of sky, whose brightest star has a magnitude of only 3.9.
The name ‘Monoceros’ is Latin for unicorn, and was first assigned to this sky area by Petrus Plancius in 1612, on the same star globe in which he added the constellation Camelopardalis, the giraffe.
Despite its lack of bright stars, Monoceros is easy to find due to its proximity to Orion. The Milky Way passes right through the middle of the constellation, and so it is a rich hunting ground for open star clusters.
Date First Appeared
1612 (Plancius)
1612 (Plancius)
Sky Area
1.2% of the sky
481.6 square degrees
1.2% of the sky
481.6 square degrees
Neighbors
The following constellations neighbor Monoceros: Canis Major, Canis Minor, Gemini, Hydra, Lepus, Orion, Puppis.
The following constellations neighbor Monoceros: Canis Major, Canis Minor, Gemini, Hydra, Lepus, Orion, Puppis.
| Stars | Open Clusters | Globular Clusters | Galaxies |
| Stars | Open Clusters | Globular Clusters | Galaxies |
| α-Mon (mag 3.9) | NGC 2232 (mag 3.9) | NGC 2494 (mag 14.0) | |
| γ-Mon (mag 4.0) | NGC 2264 (mag 3.9) | NGC 2377 (mag 15.0) | |
| δ-Mon (mag 4.1) | NGC 2244 (mag 4.8) | ||
| ζ-Mon (mag 4.4) | Messier 50 (mag 5.9) | ||
| ε-Mon (mag 4.4) | NGC 2301 (mag 6.0) | ||
| 18-Mon (mag 4.5) | NGC 2343 (mag 6.7) | ||
| 13-Mon (mag 4.5) | NGC 2353 (mag 7.1) | ||
| β-Mon (mag 4.6) | NGC 2335 (mag 7.2) | ||
| S Mon (mag 4.7) | NGC 2251 (mag 7.3) | ||
| V645 Mon (mag 4.7) | NGC 2286 (mag 7.5) | ||
| 17-Mon (mag 4.8) | NGC 2506 (mag 7.6) | ||
| 20-Mon (mag 4.9) | NGC 2252 (mag 8.0) | ||
| 27-Mon (mag 4.9) | NGC 2215 (mag 8.4) | ||
| V637 Mon (mag 5.0) | NGC 2324 (mag 8.4) | ||
| 3-Mon (mag 5.0) | NGC 2236 (mag 8.5) | ||
| HD 189037 (mag 5.0) | NGC 2302 (mag 8.9) | ||
| 10-Mon (mag 5.0) | NGC 2250 (mag 9.0) | ||
| 2-Mon (mag 5.0) | NGC 2254 (mag 9.7) | ||
| HD 42690 (mag 5.1) | NGC 2311 (mag 10.0) | ||
| HD 46487 (mag 5.1) | NGC 2269 (mag 10.0) | ||
| HD 49331 (mag 5.1) | NGC 2262 (mag 11.0) | ||
| 25-Mon (mag 5.1) | NGC 2259 (mag 11.0) | ||
| 77-Ori (mag 5.2) | NGC 2309 (mag 11.0) | ||
| HD 48217 (mag 5.2) | NGC 2368 (mag 12.0) | ||
| HD 46089 (mag 5.2) | NGC 2270 |